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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Art paperUsually of a high gloss coated with clay.
AscenderThe portion of characters such as 'b' or 'h' that rises above the main body of the letter.
ATM (Adobe Type Manager)Software that makes type appears sharp and clear on screen and in print.
Author's correctionsChanges and additions to digital files after they have been submitted or proofed.
Back upTo print on the second side of a sheet already printed on one side.
BindTo fasten sheets or sections and attach covers with glue, wire, thread or other means.
BleedPrinting that goes beyond the trim area of a printed sheet.
BlanketA rubber surfaced fabric that is used to transfer ink from a printing plate to the paper.
Blind embossingA relief image embossed without ink or foil.
BulkThe thickness of paper as measured by a micrometer.
Burst bindTo bind sheets by perfecting at the spine and gluing them to a paper cover.
Butt fitPrinted colours that overlap only a hairline so they appear to butt.
Caps and small capsTwo sizes of capital letters made in one size of typeface.
Case boundTo bind by gluing sections to a case made of binder's board covered with fabric, plastic or leather. The type of binding used in hardbound books.
Cast coatedCoated paper with a high gloss finish.
CMYK(Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black) The subtractive primary or process colours used in colour printing.
Coated paperClay coated paper with a smooth finish.
CollateTo assemble a set of individual sheets or sections in proper sequence for binding.
Colour barA strip of colours printed at edge of press sheets used to evaluate ink density.
Colour break-upTo indicate on an overlay on artwork the parts to be printed in different colours.
Colour correctionMethods of improving colour separations.
Colour separationThe process of separating colour originals into the four primary printing colours.
Comb bindTo bind by inserting teeth of flexible plastic comb into holes punched in a stack of pages.
Concertina foldFinishing term for two or more parallel folds which open like a concertina. Also called an accordion fold.
CopyIn printing, all supplied material (type, pictures and artwork) to be used in production of the printing.
Contract proofHigh resolution digital proof used for signoff by customers for colour and correctness.
Cover stockPapers used for covers of books, magazines or catalogues.
Crash numberNumerical numbering which transfers through parts of carbonless business forms.
CreepThe process of compensating for the shifting position of the page in a saddle-stitched bind. Creep moves the inside pages or signatures towards the spine.
Crop marksThe lines on an image showing the portions to be eliminated.
CtP (Computer to Plate)Eliminates film by imaging directly on to a plate.
Cut marksLines on artwork, plate or press sheets showing where the page is trimmed after printing.
CyanOne of the three subtractive primary colours. In printing, one of four process inks.
DescenderThe portion of characters such as 'j' or 'g' that drops below the base line.
DieA sharp metal rule used for die cutting. Also a block of metal used for embossing or foil stamping.
Die cuttingThe process of using sharp steel rules to cut special shapes for folders, boxes or containers from printed sheets.
Dot gainDots printing larger on paper than they appear on the plate.
DPI (Dots Per Inch)A measure of the output resolution produced by printers, CtP units or monitors.
Dummy or mock-upA preliminary layout showing position of illustrations and text as they will be in the final printed piece. Also a set of blank pages using paper specified to show the size and feel of a publication.
DuotonePhotograph reproduced from two halftones and printed in two colours.
EmbossTo press an image into paper so that it creates a relief.
EPS (Encapsulated Postscript)A file that contains PostScript code of a graphic for output.
Face slitTo die cut the top layer, but not the backing layer of self-adhesive paper.
FinishRefers to the surface characteristics of paper such as smoothness, appearance and gloss.
Foil embossTo foil stamp and emboss with an image.
Foil stampingA letterpress printing method using thin metallic or pigmented film and a die.
FolioThe page number on a text page.
Font or typefaceAll the characters for one typeface and historically, in one size.
Form proofLow resolution digital proof used for folded mock-ups or signoff by customers for an alteration.
Fountain solutionA solution of water, chemicals and alcohol used to dampen the plate and keep the non-printing areas from accepting ink.
Four colour processPrinting in the three subtractive primary colours - cyan, magenta, yellow and black, from a series of four halftone plates to reproduce continuous tone colour images.
French foldTwo folds at right angles to each other.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)A method of transferring files between computers connected to the Internet.
GatefoldType of fold where the two outside folded edges meet in the centre of the page like a double gate.
GrainIn paper, the direction in which most fibres lie.
Grey scaleA scale of 256 standard grey tones ranging from 0 (black) to 255 (white) used to measure tonal range and contrast.
GSM (Grams Per Square Metre)This is a measurement of the weight of paper irrespective of sheet size.
GumUsed in platemaking to protect the non-image areas from oxidising.
GutterThe two inner margins of facing pages in a publication.
HalftoneThe image that results from converting continuous tone images into dots.
HickeyA doughnut shaped spot or imperfection in printing, most visible in areas of heavy ink coverage. Any spots or specks due to dirt on the pages, dried ink skin or paper particles.
HighlightThe lightest areas in a photograph or halftone.
HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)The coding language used to create hypertext documents for use on the World Wide Web.
Image areaThe portion of paper in which ink appears.
ImpositionThe arrangement of pages so they will appear in order when press sheets are folded.
ImpressionThe pressure of type, plate or blanket as it comes in contact with paper.
ImprintThe name and address details of the publisher or printer.
Ink ductA reservoir on a printing press that holds ink.
InsertA printed piece prepared for insertion into a publication.
ISBNInternational Standard Book Numbering System
ISOInternational Standards Organisation
JogTo stack paper in a compact smooth flush edged pile.
JPEG (Joint Photographic Expert Group)A compressed file format for bitmapped images.
KernThe space between two letters in a typeface.
KeylinesThe lines on artwork showing size, shape and location of photographs or other graphic elements.
LeadingThe distance between lines of type measured in points.
LetterpressPrinting from raised surfaces such as metal type.
Loop StitchingUses a staple with a loop to allow filing in a ring binder.
LPI (Lines Per Inch)A measure of the frequency of the dots on a halftone screen referring to the horizontal and vertical lines.
MagentaOne of the three subtractive primary colours. In printing, one of four process inks.
Make readyAll the activities required to set up the press before printing can begin.
MarginThe blank space around the image area of a page.
Matt finishDull paper or ink finish.
MicrometerAn instrument used to measure the thickness of paper.
MiddletonesTones in a photograph or illustration half as dark as its shadow areas.
MoiréAn undesirable pattern in a halftone and screen tints made when screens are improperly aligned.
Offset lithographyThe process of using an intermediate blanket cylinder to transfer an image from the plate to the paper.
Offset paperAn alternate term for uncoated book paper.
Opacity
The property of paper which minimises ‘show through' of printing from the backside of the next sheet.
OverprintAdditional copy printed onto a previously printed piece.
OversCopies printed in excess of specified quantity.
PDF (Portable Document Format)The copyrighted creation of Adobe Systems, it is a universal file format across multiple computer platforms.
Perfect bindingTo bind sheets by trimming at the spine and gluing them to a paper cover.
PerfectingPrinting both sides of the paper in one pass.
PixelA picture element. The smallest element of a digitised picture.
PMS (Pantone Matching System)A colour matching system consisting of swatches and ink formulas.
PointIn typesetting, a unit of height approximately equalling 1/72 inch.
PostScriptThe copyrighted creation of Adobe Systems, it is the programming language used to describe electronic page assembly and layout for high resolution imagesetting.
Pressure-sensitive paperMaterial with an adhesive coating that will stick without moistening protected by a paper backing sheet until used.
Process coloursThe colours needed for four colour process printing - cyan, magenta, yellow and black.
Process printingThe printing from a series of halftone plates, usually four, to reproduce continuous tone colour images.
ReamFive hundred sheets of paper.
RegisterTo position the printing in the exact same place (in relation to the edges of paper) on every sheet.
Register marksCross-hair lines on artwork and plates that guide printers.
ResolutionThe quality of the image is determined by the resolution. In imagesetting, the number of dots per inch or lines per inch that are addressable by the imaging mechanism of the output device.
ReverseType or other image reproduced by printing the background rather than the image itself, allowing the paper or underlying ink to show in the shape of the image.
RIP (Raster Image Processor)The process that translates the PostScript data into dots and pixels in a printer or CtP unit.
Saddle stitchTo bind by stapling sheets together where they fold at the spine.
Sans serifA typeface without serifs.
ScannerA device that digitises artwork into an electronic representation that may be manipulated in a computer environment.
ScoreTo compress paper along a line so it will fold more easily.
Screen anglesAngles at which the halftone screens are placed with relation to one another, to avoid undesirable moiré patterns.
Screen rulingThe number of lines or dots per inch on a halftone screen.
SectionSheets of printed pages which, when folded, become part of a publication.
Self-coverA cover of the same paper and weight as inside text pages.
SeparationFilms representing the levels of cyan, magenta, yellow and black colours contained in original colour artwork.
SerifA line crossing the main strokes of a character.
ShadowThe darkest areas in a photograph or halftone.
Show throughPrinting on one side of paper that can be seen on the other side.
Side stitchTo bind by stapling through sheets along one edge.
SlittingCutting printed sheets into two or more sections by means of cutting wheels on a press or folder.
SolidAny area of the sheet that has received a 100% ink coverage.
SpineThe binding edge of a section or publication.
Spiral bindingTo bind using a wire or plastic spiral looped through holes in a stack of paper.
StetA proofreader's mark meaning let the corrected copy stand as it was originally.
StockPaper or other material to be printed.
Subtractive primary coloursCyan, magenta and yellow are the subtractive colour primaries created by the removal or absorption of red, green and blue from white light.
Text papers
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